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Harold Mabern Jr. (March 20, 1936 – September 17, 2019)West, Michael J. Harold Mabern 1936-2019 was an American pianist and composer, principally in the , , and fields.Feather, Leonard; Gitler, Ira (2007) The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz. p. 425. Oxford University Press. He is described in The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings as "one of the great post-bop pianists".Cook, Richard; Morton, Brian (2008) The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings (9th ed.). p. 1136. Penguin. Commercial Appeal "Memphis jazz great Harold Mabern has died"


Early life
Mabern was born in Memphis, Tennessee on March 20, 1936. He initially started learning drums before switching to learning piano. He had access to a piano from his teens, after his father, who worked in a lumber yard, saved to buy him one. Mabern learned by watching and emulating pianists Charles Thomas and Phineas Newborn Jr. Mabern attended Douglass High School,. before transferring to Manassas High School;Johnson, David Brent (March 18, 2011) "A Few Miles from Memphis: Harold Mabern, the Early Years". Indiana Public Media. he played with saxophonists , and trumpeter at this time, but was most influenced by Newborn, Jr. In 1954, after graduating, Mabern moved to , intending to attend the American Conservatory of Music. He was unable to afford to attend music college because of a change in his parents' financial circumstances, but had private lessons there for six months and developed his reading ability by playing with trombonist Morris Ellis' big band. He also developed by listening to and others in clubs,Gilbert, Andrew (December 2006) "Harold Mabern and Eric Alexander: Getting Schooled". Jazz Times. and "playing and practicing 12 hours a day" for the next five years, but he remained self-taught as a pianist. Mabern went on to play with Walter Perkins' MJT + 3 and others in Chicago.

Mabern learned orchestration techniques from bassist Bill Lee, and comping and chord voicing from pianists Chris Anderson and Billy Wallace.


1959–1967
Mabern moved to New York City in 1959. According to his own account, he moved there with saxophonist Frank Strozier on November 21, 1959, checked in at a hotel and then went to Birdland, where he met Cannonball Adderley, who asked him if he wanted a gig. Mabern accepted and was shown inside, where trumpeter Harry "Sweets" Edison, who was looking for a pianist to replace the soon-to-depart Tommy Flanagan, auditioned him and offered him the place.Shanley, Mike (April 2003) "Harold Mabern: The Accompanist" . Jazz Times. A few weeks later, most of the members of this band then joined Jimmy Forrest for a recording in Chicago that resulted in the albums All the Gin Is Gone and Black Forrest, which were also guitarist 's debut recordings.Yanow, Scott "Jimmy Forrest: All the Gin Is Gone: Review". AllMusic. Retrieved December 26, 2013. "Grant Green Catalog". Jazzdisco.org Retrieved December 26, 2013.

Mabern steadily built a reputation in New York as a sideman, playing with, among others, 's big band in 1960 (including a tour of Europe),Rinzler, Paul; Kernfeld, Barry "Mabern, Harold(, Jr.)". The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz (2nd ed.). Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Accessed June 28, 2013. (Subscription required.) for 18 months in the period 1961–62, accompanying vocalists, including , and , and working with trumpeter and drummer . After completing a 1963 tour with Haynes, he had a six-week engagement at the Black Hawk in with . Mabern went on to spend time with J. J. Johnson in 1963–65 after being briefly with . In 1965, he also played with , an association that continued on and off until the night in February 1972 that Morgan was shot dead at Slug's Saloon, with Mabern present. Mabern toured in Europe with later in 1965 as part of a band that had been together for around two years before the European tour, traveling as a quartet from gig to gig in one car.Fitzgerald, Tim "625 Alive: The Wes Montgomery BBC Performance Transcribed" pp. vii–ix. From 1965, Mabern also worked with , , , (1966), , and Joe Williams (1966–67).


1968–2019
Mabern's recording career as a leader began in 1968, after he signed for early that year.Billboard (April 06, 1968) "Signings". Billboard. p. 14. His first album, A Few Miles from Memphis, featured several of his own originals. Further dates for Prestige were released, and Mabern recorded approximately 20 albums as leader, for many labels. Mabern worked intermittently over a period of four decades with , beginning in the 1960s, and including an appearance at the 1976 Newport Jazz Festival.Balliett, Whitney (2000) Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz, 1954–2000. p. 473. Granta Books.Friedwald, Will (August 13, 2010) "August Sounds Embrace the Sweltering City" Wall Street Journal online. From the early 1970s, he worked with trumpeters and Joe Newman, played jazz-pop electric piano with and Stanley Turrentine, was part of drummer Walter Bolden's trio (1973–74), and led his own trio with Bolden and bassist .

Among other musicians Mabern played with from this period were in 1977,Ford, Robert (March 26, 1977) "Talent in Action" Billboard. and for a tour of Japan in the same year.Carr, Ian; Fairweather, Digby; Priestly, Brian (1995) Jazz: The Rough Guide. p. 398. The Rough Guides. Four years later, Mabern toured Europe with George Coleman, and played with Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson.Wilson, John S. (August 08, 1981) "Jazz 4: Eddie Vinson" The New York Times. p. 28. The following year, Mabern played with James Moody.Stokes, W. Royal (May 15, 1982) "Moody's Sizzling Saxophone & Flute". The Washington Post. There were also performances and recordings with innumerable other musicians, both as leader and sideman. Mabern also worked with two piano-based groups: the Piano Choir, formed and led by from the early 1970s and featuring at least six pianists/keyboardists, and the four-player Contemporary Piano Ensemble, the latter being formed in the early 1990s to pay tribute to Phineas Newborn Jr. and touring extensively, including at the Montreal (1991) and Monterey Jazz Festivals (1996). Contemporary Piano Ensemble". AllMusic.

Mabern had a career resurgence after his album Straight Street was a success in Japan in 1989. He visited Japan in 1990 as a member of a ten-pianist group that toured together but played and recorded separately. "100 Gold Fingers: Piano Playhouse 1990". AllMusic. In the mid-1990s, Mabern toured with and led a trio of bassist Erik Applegate and drummer . In later years, he recorded extensively with his former William Paterson University student, the tenor saxophonist Eric Alexander. All About Jazz: Harold Mabern and Eric Alexander: The Art of Duo (May 4, 2005). In 2010, Mabern received the Don Redman Heritage Award.Arnold, Tiffany (June 24, 2010) "Jazz Giants to Be Recognized at Don Redman Heritage Awards & Concert". herald-mail.com

Mabern's repute in Japan was reflected in his signing by the Japanese label , which resulted in six albums from 2002; Mabern stated in 2004 that his 2002 recording for Venus, Kiss of Fire, featuring Alexander as a guest, was his best seller. A longtime faculty member at William Paterson University (from 1981),Ross, Jon (October 2012) "William Paterson University: 40 Years of Trailblazing Jazz Education". Down Beat. p. 134. Mabern was a frequent instructor at the Stanford Jazz Workshop. Mabern's stated piano preference was "naturally the Steinway D, but if you can't get a D, any Steinway".

In 2015, Mabern released Afro Blue, "the first of Mabern's two dozen leader dates to showcase the context in which he worked frequently during the 1960s: accompanying vocalists".Panken, Ted (July 2015) "A Million Dollars' Worth of Experience". Down Beat. "Mabern played in Britain ... in 2017 and 2018 with a quartet featuring Alexander, and finally for two evenings with his trio at Ronnie Scott's club in May 2019." Mabern, who was a regular at Smoke (jazz club) recorded his final four albums on the club's label Smoke Sessions.

Mabern died of a heart attack in New Jersey on 17 September 2019.


Playing style
Mabern's piano style was described as being "aggressive, very positive, crashing out chords that drop like pile drivers and warming up and down the keyboard with huge, whooping bursts of action", while, at the same time, he showed "a keen sensitivity" as "an extremely perceptive accompanist".Wilson, John S. (March 03, 1977) "Jazz: Quartet with Keen Pianist". The New York Times. p. 29. Critic identified some of the characteristics of Mabern's playing as being "blues glisses, ... tremolos and dissonant block chords", that help to create a style "that marries 's clustering modality with rippling asides that stem from [Art Tatum]]".Giddins, Gary (January 20, 1998) "Beale Street Talks". The Village Voice. The influence of Phineas Newborn, Jr. remained noticeable: Mabern employed Newborn's "manner of playing fast lines in a two-handed octave (or two-octave) unison, and uses this device in wildly imaginative ways".

When accompanying vocalists, Mabern stated that he played with "less force, less aggression. I use the soft pedal. You don't voice the chord with the leading tone. You wait for them to sing a phrase, then fill in the space."


Discography
Years refer to the date of recording, unless an asterisk (*) is next to the year; this indicates that it is the date of initial release.


As leader/co-leader
1968A Few Miles from MemphisMabern's first release as leader
1968Rakin' and Scrapin'Mabern also plays electric piano
1969Workin' & Wailin'Mabern also plays electric piano
1970Greasy Kid Stuff!Sextet, with (trumpet), (flute, tenor sax), (bass), (drums), Joe Jones (guitar; 1 track)
1978TridentTrio, with (bass), Walter Bolden (drums)
1985Joy SpringSackvilleSolo piano; in concert
1989Straight StreetMost tracks trio, with (bass), (drums); one track solo piano
1991–92Philadelphia BoundSackvilleDuo, with Kieran Overs (bass)
1992A Season of BalladsSpace TimeTrio, with (bass), (drums); album shared with Donald Brown and Charles Thomas trios
1992–93The Leading ManSome tracks trio, with (bass), (drums); some tracks with a guest, (trumpet, flugelhorn), (alto sax), (guitar), Pamela Baskin-Watson (vocals); one track piano solo; later issue has some different trio tracks, with Christian McBride (bass), DeJohnette (drums)
1993Lookin' on the Bright SideDIWTrio, with Christian McBride (bass), (drums)
1995SackvilleDuo, with (piano); in concert
1996Mabern's GrooveyardTrio, with Christian McBride (bass), (drums)
1999Maya with LoveTrio, with Christian McBride (bass), (drums)
2001Kiss of FireTrio, with (bass), (drums); Eric Alexander (tenor sax) as guest
2003Falling in Love with LoveTrio, with (bass), (drums)
2003Don't Know WhyTrio, with (bass), (drums)
2004FantasyTrio, with (bass), (drums)
2005Somewhere Over the RainbowTrio, with (bass), Willie Jones III (drums)
2006MistySolo piano
2012Mr. LuckyMost tracks quartet, with Eric Alexander (tenor sax), John Webber (bass), (drums); one track trio, without Alexander; one track solo piano
2012Live at SmallsSmallsLiveTrio, with John Webber (bass), (drums); in concert
2013Right on TimeSmoke SessionsTrio, with John Webber (bass), (drums); in concert
2014Afro BlueSmoke SessionsWith Eric Alexander (tenor sax), John Webber (bass), (drums); plus guests (trumpet), (trombone), Peter Bernstein (guitar), , , , , (vocals)
2017*To Love and Be LovedSmoke SessionsMost tracks quartet, with Eric Alexander (tenor sax), (bass), (drums); some tracks quintet, with Freddie Hendrix (trumpet) or (percussion) added; one track solo piano
2018Smoke SessionsQuartet, with Eric Alexander (tenor sax), John Webber (bass), (drums); in concert
2018Mabern Plays MabernSmoke SessionsSextet, with Eric Alexander (tenor sax), (alto sax), Steve Davis (trombone), John Webber (bass), (drums); in concert
2018Mabern Plays ColtraneSmoke SessionsSextet, with Eric Alexander (tenor sax), (alto sax), Steve Davis (trombone), John Webber (bass), (drums); in concert


As sideman
1959 All the Gin Is Gone
1959
1960 MJT + 3
1961 Perception
1962 Here and Now
1962 Another Git Together
1962 March of the Siamese ChildrenJazzland
1963 Riverside
1963 Reeds & Deeds
1963 The Roland Kirk Quartet Meets the Benny Golson Orchestra
1964 Inside Betty CarterUnited Artists
1964 Proof PositiveImpulse!
1965 ConsequenceBlue Note
1965 Dippin'Blue Note
1965 The GigoloBlue Note
1965 The Night of the CookersBlue Note
1965 Blue Note
1965 Kings of the GuitarBeppo
1965 Jazz 625Vap
1965 Solitude
1965 Belgium 1965 RounderVestapool
1966 Bring It Home to MeBlue Note
1967 Electric Soul!
1968 My Fire!
1970 Live at the LighthouseBlue Note
1970 Black Rhythm Revolution!
1970 The Black Cat!
1970 Alone Together
1971 The Last SessionBlue Note
1971 The Sugar Man
1973 Don't Mess with Mister T.
1973 Body Talk
1973
1973 Strata-East
1974 The Loud MinorityMainstream
1974* Man & Woman
1975 Handscapes 2Strata-East
1976 Here and NowCatalyst
1976 Remember MeSteepleChase
1977 What's Goin' OnSteepleChase
1977 Soran-Bushi, B.H.
1977 RevivalCatalyst
1978 Walt Bolden
1978 Keeper of the Flame
1978 Just FriendsSteepleChase
1979 Variety Is the SpiceGryphon
1983 First VentureBig Tampa
1985* Manhattan Panorama
1987 At Yoshi's
1989 Four Pianos for Phineas
1990 Piano Playhouse 1990Absord Music Japan
1990 Coming out Swinging
1992 Straight Up
1993 Up, Over & Out
1993 Cartunes
1993 The Key Players
1993
1996 Scotch and Milk
1996 Motherless Child
1997 Mode for Mabes
1997 CrossfireCriss Cross
1997 Jim's BopCriss Cross
1998 Payne's Window
1998 I Could Write a Book: The Music of Richard RogersTelarc
1999 Live at the KeynoteVideo Arts
1999 The First MilestoneMilestone
2000 The Second MilestoneMilestone
2000
2001 Summit MeetingMilestone
2002 Nightlife in TokyoMilestone
2003 Deja Vu
2004 Dead Center
2004* It's Prime TimeVillage
2004 Powder KegTwo & Four
2005 It's All in the Game
2006 New York Accent
2009 Revival of the Fittest
2009 Chim Chim Cheree
2010 Don't Follow the Crowd
2011 Super Prime Time
2012 Touching
2013 Blues at Midnight
2013 Chicago Fire
2014* Recado Bossa Nova
2015 The Real Thing
2015* Say WhenSmoke Sessions
2016 Second Impression
2018 Live at Frankie's Jazz ClubCellar Live
2019 The QuartetSmoke Sessions
2019 This I Dig of YouSmoke Sessions


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